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Now over 500 years since Martin Luther's challenge to the Catholic Church, this program explores the relevance of the event that kick-started a revolution that continues to resonate in Australian lives today.

Pocket Compass: Luther: The Monk Who Changed the Church

Years 9-10, 11-12 History, News and current affairs, Civics and citizenship

14:20

Now over 500 years since Martin Luther's challenge to the Catholic Church, this program explores the relevance of the event that kick-started a revolution that continues to resonate in Australian lives today.

A penetrating documentary about the war in Korea, this two-hour special examines five years after World War II, and the US is once again plunged into bloody battle. While the government plays politics, heroic American soldiers continue to die in battle.

Korea: The Forgotten War

Years 9-10, 11-12 Modern history, History

1:30:51

A penetrating documentary about the war in Korea, this two-hour special examines five years after World War II, and the US is once again plunged into bloody battle. While the government plays politics, heroic American soldiers continue to die in battle.

It's easy to imagine that the past was lived in black and white, but of course it wasn't. This landmark series uses modern colouration techniques to present a history of America in colour, for the first time. Decade by decade, this ambitious series puts the colour back in history, and brings the history back to life. From jazz-age speakeasies to the attack on Pearl Harbor, from the Great Depression to Elvismania, iconic images of America are vibrantly brought to the screen. To make this landmark series, filmmakers spent 6000 hours painstakingly scouring obscure archives, dusting off forgotten family vaults, and tracking down dedicated private collectors to find the 27 miles of film they needed - much of it not seen for nearly a century. The result is a feast for the eyes, and brings a fresh excitement to the seminal images of our time.

America in Colour: The 1950s

Years 11-12 Modern history, History

48:06

It's easy to imagine that the past was lived in black and white, but of course it wasn't. This landmark series uses modern colouration techniques to present a history of America in colour, for the first time. Decade by decade, this ambitious series puts the colour back in history, and brings the history back to life. From jazz-age speakeasies to the attack on Pearl Harbor, from the Great Depression to Elvismania, iconic images of America are vibrantly brought to the screen. To make this landmark series, filmmakers spent 6000 hours painstakingly scouring obscure archives, dusting off forgotten family vaults, and tracking down dedicated private collectors to find the 27 miles of film they needed - much of it not seen for nearly a century. The result is a feast for the eyes, and brings a fresh excitement to the seminal images of our time.

The struggle for control in this vital theatre of World War II gave the conflict some of its most compelling and powerful stories. The great battle between the Italian Navy and Britain's vastly outnumbered Royal Navy dominated the seas during the early years of the war as both sides sought to support the land campaigns in Egypt and East Africa. At the same time, Britain struggled to maintain its toehold on Malta to ensure that the French fleet did not fall into the hands of the Axis powers. This episode also explores the story of the war in Greece, which was invaded by the Italians in 1940, the Germans in 1941 and finally by the British in 1944. It looks at the constant fight against the German Luftwaffe, which arrived in the Mediterranean in 1941 and did terrible damage to Allied shipping, resulting on the loss of bases in North Africa. The programme also delves into the fascinating story of Operation Mercury, German invasion of Crete, the bloody battle which cost more than 10,000 lives and of the fight for the island of Sicily in 1943, which saw the miraculous evacuation of some 100,000 Axis troops.

Battlefield: Fight for the Mediterranean

Years 9-10, 11-12 Modern history, History

1:41:45

The struggle for control in this vital theatre of World War II gave the conflict some of its most compelling and powerful stories. The great battle between the Italian Navy and Britain's vastly outnumbered Royal Navy dominated the seas during the early years of the war as both sides sought to support the land campaigns in Egypt and East Africa. At the same time, Britain struggled to maintain its toehold on Malta to ensure that the French fleet did not fall into the hands of the Axis powers. This episode also explores the story of the war in Greece, which was invaded by the Italians in 1940, the Germans in 1941 and finally by the British in 1944. It looks at the constant fight against the German Luftwaffe, which arrived in the Mediterranean in 1941 and did terrible damage to Allied shipping, resulting on the loss of bases in North Africa. The programme also delves into the fascinating story of Operation Mercury, German invasion of Crete, the bloody battle which cost more than 10,000 lives and of the fight for the island of Sicily in 1943, which saw the miraculous evacuation of some 100,000 Axis troops.

Could what really happened be more intriguing, more thrilling and more revealing than the fiction? Find out as this high-octane documentary reveals the true stories behind some of Hollywood's finest movies. Blending dramatic reconstruction with telling archive of actual events, eyewitness testimony and documentary footage, this program unpicks fact from fiction, meeting the people behind these extraordinary events to experience the real drama of the truth. In this episode, scientists investigate whether the biblical story of the Book of Exodus could have actually happened.

The Real Story Of: Exodus

Years 11-12 Media arts, History

44:22

Could what really happened be more intriguing, more thrilling and more revealing than the fiction? Find out as this high-octane documentary reveals the true stories behind some of Hollywood's finest movies. Blending dramatic reconstruction with telling archive of actual events, eyewitness testimony and documentary footage, this program unpicks fact from fiction, meeting the people behind these extraordinary events to experience the real drama of the truth. In this episode, scientists investigate whether the biblical story of the Book of Exodus could have actually happened.

On January 27, 1951, a plane flew through the dawn darkness above Nevada's desolate Frenchman Flat. On board was a 1000lb atomic bomb, named Able. At dawn, the crew released Able toward the desert floor. The age of nuclear weapons testing in the continental US had begun. Through eyewitness reports, classified documents, photos and film, this is a fascinating, sobering, look at the largest nuclear testing program in history.

A-Bombs Over Nevada

Years 9-10, 11-12 Design and technologies, Modern history, History

49:02

On January 27, 1951, a plane flew through the dawn darkness above Nevada's desolate Frenchman Flat. On board was a 1000lb atomic bomb, named Able. At dawn, the crew released Able toward the desert floor. The age of nuclear weapons testing in the continental US had begun. Through eyewitness reports, classified documents, photos and film, this is a fascinating, sobering, look at the largest nuclear testing program in history.

A Canadian regiment tasked with capturing the Ardenne Abbey in France are instead captured by a notorious Nazi unit. What came after was a massacre that violated every agreed convention of war.

Hitler's Last Stand

Years 9-10, 11-12 Modern history, History

44:09

A Canadian regiment tasked with capturing the Ardenne Abbey in France are instead captured by a notorious Nazi unit. What came after was a massacre that violated every agreed convention of war.

Explore how three human beings grappled with the most dangerous two weeks in human history, when events, many outside their control, threatened to ignite a nuclear holocaust that could have ended human civilisation. Showing how extraordinarily close we came to self-destruction, the inside story of the Cuban Missile Crisis is a critical reminder of just how much power and responsibility lies with the president of the United States and other leaders with access to nuclear weapons. And how much personality counts when things spiral out of control. On the brink of a nuclear war, who would you want in the White House? Bringing to life the three central figures in the crisis - President John F Kennedy, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev and Cuban leader Fidel Castro - the film explores the roles each played during these most dangerous of all times. Shot on location in Russia, Cuba and the US, it features revealing interviews with key witnesses from inside the Kremlin, the White House and Cuba, along with revelations from recently declassified top secret documents. After watching Nuclear Nightmare: Inside the Cuban Missile Crisis, you will never think about nuclear war and our commanders-in-chief in quite the same way again.

Nuclear Nightmare: Cuban Missile Crisis

Years 9-10, 11-12 Modern history, History

1:10:44

Explore how three human beings grappled with the most dangerous two weeks in human history, when events, many outside their control, threatened to ignite a nuclear holocaust that could have ended human civilisation. Showing how extraordinarily close we came to self-destruction, the inside story of the Cuban Missile Crisis is a critical reminder of just how much power and responsibility lies with the president of the United States and other leaders with access to nuclear weapons. And how much personality counts when things spiral out of control. On the brink of a nuclear war, who would you want in the White House? Bringing to life the three central figures in the crisis - President John F Kennedy, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev and Cuban leader Fidel Castro - the film explores the roles each played during these most dangerous of all times. Shot on location in Russia, Cuba and the US, it features revealing interviews with key witnesses from inside the Kremlin, the White House and Cuba, along with revelations from recently declassified top secret documents. After watching Nuclear Nightmare: Inside the Cuban Missile Crisis, you will never think about nuclear war and our commanders-in-chief in quite the same way again.

For years gladiators have been legendary figures of the Ancient World; the stuff of Hollywood blockbusters like Spartacus, or Gladiator. But our knowledge has been based largely on speculation - until now. Timewatch have secured exclusive access to the biggest archaeological gladiator research project of all time. As it approaches its conclusion, Gladiator CSI reveals the secrets of how gladiators lived, fought and died, not from speculation but from forensic science. In the 1990s a survey for the ancient course of the Holy Procession Path between the temple of Artemis (one of the seven Wonders of the World) and the city of Ephesus in Turkey came upon an unexpected find: a mass burial site. But most of the cadavers did not bear the signs of death from natural causes. Instead, they seem to have met a violent end. In 2002 two forensic anthropologists went to investigate: this was a gladiator graveyard. Although the corpses of gladiators had been found before, they tended to be isolated examples. In this graveyard, no less than 67 were buried. The amount of data was unprecedented. Employing two of the world's leading forensics anthropologists as our two crime scene investigators, this is the story of their investigation. Their research makes ground-breaking conclusions probing popular myths about gladiators: Is the currently fashionable thesis that although gladiators fought vicious contests, they rarely battled to the death, really true? Were the losers of gladiatorial contests really dispatched in the arena by the turning of the emperor's thumb? Were gladiators treated as no more than animals, with no provision for their health or well-being? Spanning two centuries, our 67 corpses reveal great technological changes in fighting equipment and wounds from weapons that were hitherto thought only to be the stuff of myth (like the cubic fore dent).

Gladiator Graveyard

Years 11-12 Ancient history, History

48:01

For years gladiators have been legendary figures of the Ancient World; the stuff of Hollywood blockbusters like Spartacus, or Gladiator. But our knowledge has been based largely on speculation - until now. Timewatch have secured exclusive access to the biggest archaeological gladiator research project of all time. As it approaches its conclusion, Gladiator CSI reveals the secrets of how gladiators lived, fought and died, not from speculation but from forensic science. In the 1990s a survey for the ancient course of the Holy Procession Path between the temple of Artemis (one of the seven Wonders of the World) and the city of Ephesus in Turkey came upon an unexpected find: a mass burial site. But most of the cadavers did not bear the signs of death from natural causes. Instead, they seem to have met a violent end. In 2002 two forensic anthropologists went to investigate: this was a gladiator graveyard. Although the corpses of gladiators had been found before, they tended to be isolated examples. In this graveyard, no less than 67 were buried. The amount of data was unprecedented. Employing two of the world's leading forensics anthropologists as our two crime scene investigators, this is the story of their investigation. Their research makes ground-breaking conclusions probing popular myths about gladiators: Is the currently fashionable thesis that although gladiators fought vicious contests, they rarely battled to the death, really true? Were the losers of gladiatorial contests really dispatched in the arena by the turning of the emperor's thumb? Were gladiators treated as no more than animals, with no provision for their health or well-being? Spanning two centuries, our 67 corpses reveal great technological changes in fighting equipment and wounds from weapons that were hitherto thought only to be the stuff of myth (like the cubic fore dent).

Explores the bloody truth behind Australia's worst mass murder, investigating horrifying tale of one of the world's most terrifying and gruesome shipwreck stories of all time. In 1629, the pride of the Dutch fleet was on its way to the East Indies when it hit a coral reef off the coast of Australia and sank. Some of the 300 passengers and crew drowned but most managed to swim to the nearby cluster of uninhabited islands. For the survivors, it was the equivalent of crash landing on the moon. They were stranded thousands of kilometres from any known civilisation, on alien land with little hope of rescue. The survivors probably thought their situation couldn't get any worse. In fact, their nightmare was just beginning.

Batavia Revealed: Shipwreck Psycho

Years 11-12 History

52:08

Explores the bloody truth behind Australia's worst mass murder, investigating horrifying tale of one of the world's most terrifying and gruesome shipwreck stories of all time. In 1629, the pride of the Dutch fleet was on its way to the East Indies when it hit a coral reef off the coast of Australia and sank. Some of the 300 passengers and crew drowned but most managed to swim to the nearby cluster of uninhabited islands. For the survivors, it was the equivalent of crash landing on the moon. They were stranded thousands of kilometres from any known civilisation, on alien land with little hope of rescue. The survivors probably thought their situation couldn't get any worse. In fact, their nightmare was just beginning.

In one of Sydney's great convict buildings, Peter Garrett discovers an ancestor at the forefront of social welfare in the colony. He'll also unearth the secret life of his grandmother who worked in a forgotten area of first Contact - the Lock Hospitals in Western Australia. More than a century later, Peter follows his grandmother to remote Bernier Island, where Indigenous Australians suspected of having venereal disease were taken by force.

Who Do You Think You Are?: Peter Garrett

Years 7-8, 9-10 History, Personal and social capability

53:13

In one of Sydney's great convict buildings, Peter Garrett discovers an ancestor at the forefront of social welfare in the colony. He'll also unearth the secret life of his grandmother who worked in a forgotten area of first Contact - the Lock Hospitals in Western Australia. More than a century later, Peter follows his grandmother to remote Bernier Island, where Indigenous Australians suspected of having venereal disease were taken by force.

America in Colour

Years 11-12 Modern history, History

46:11

London - what put this city on the map? This program will search out and examine the clues that reveal the century that made the London we know today. On a fascinating journey back in time this film will take us to the very heart of the city and a period unlike any other in its history, the 17th century.

A Tale of Two Cities

Years 9-10, 11-12 History

1:00:06

London - what put this city on the map? This program will search out and examine the clues that reveal the century that made the London we know today. On a fascinating journey back in time this film will take us to the very heart of the city and a period unlike any other in its history, the 17th century.

Mike Munro's real surname is not Munro: it's Kenniff. The notorious Kenniff brothers were the last of Australia's 'wild colonial boys' roaming remote north Queensland at the turn of the century, stealing cattle and horses with the confidence and skill of organised criminals. Their careers culminated in a showdown in the Carnarvon Ranges that left one policeman and a civilian dead. Their victims' bodies were found burned and chopped into pieces. Patrick and James Kenniff were caught and tried for wilful murder - but they maintained their innocence to the bitter end. What turns thieves into brutal mutilators? Was there reasonable doubt that they didn't do the deed? Mike Munro needs to know - this isn't just a question about the nature of crime and punishment, this story is deeply personal. The Kenniff's were Mike's ancestors and the cause of shame for his family through generations. The Lawless team embark on a factual and forensic analysis of the crime to search for answers, and Mike meets descendants from the other side of the story. Against the backdrop of a brutal event, this case marks a pivotal point in the history of our evolving laws and nationhood, and this investigation makes for an extraordinary personal journey for host Mike Munro.

Lawless: The Real Bushrangers: The Kenniffs

Years 11-12 History

49:39

Mike Munro's real surname is not Munro: it's Kenniff. The notorious Kenniff brothers were the last of Australia's 'wild colonial boys' roaming remote north Queensland at the turn of the century, stealing cattle and horses with the confidence and skill of organised criminals. Their careers culminated in a showdown in the Carnarvon Ranges that left one policeman and a civilian dead. Their victims' bodies were found burned and chopped into pieces. Patrick and James Kenniff were caught and tried for wilful murder - but they maintained their innocence to the bitter end. What turns thieves into brutal mutilators? Was there reasonable doubt that they didn't do the deed? Mike Munro needs to know - this isn't just a question about the nature of crime and punishment, this story is deeply personal. The Kenniff's were Mike's ancestors and the cause of shame for his family through generations. The Lawless team embark on a factual and forensic analysis of the crime to search for answers, and Mike meets descendants from the other side of the story. Against the backdrop of a brutal event, this case marks a pivotal point in the history of our evolving laws and nationhood, and this investigation makes for an extraordinary personal journey for host Mike Munro.

We celebrate the lives of those who soared the highest. From Doris Day to Errol Flynn, we uncover what drove them and why the world loved them. Contributions from contemporary commentators and current Hollywood glitterati will bring each icon's legacy up to date as we relive their most magical motion picture moments and explore the personalities behind the names.

Silver Screen Stars: Errol Flynn

Years 9-10, 11-12 Media arts, History

43:40

We celebrate the lives of those who soared the highest. From Doris Day to Errol Flynn, we uncover what drove them and why the world loved them. Contributions from contemporary commentators and current Hollywood glitterati will bring each icon's legacy up to date as we relive their most magical motion picture moments and explore the personalities behind the names.

America In Colour

Years 11-12 Modern history, History

46:12

Before Ned Kelly, it was Ben Hall who was the 'rock star' of Australian bushranging, leading a short but prolific three year crime spree across NSW in the wake of the gold rush. His criminal career comes to a bloody end when he is shot by police in a hail of bullets close to a place known as Billabong Creek on the outskirts of Forbes. But Ben Hall's death is shrouded in controversy. The official police account says that Hall was a dangerous criminal, lawfully killed while trying to escape, while the legend goes that Hall was shot in his sleep and the victim of a brutal police cover up. Now for the first time, the Lawless team undertake an analysis of Hall's bloody demise at the hand of authorities. At a time when our fledgling nation was striving for law and order, this investigation reveals the extraordinary measures enacted by authorities in NSW in an effort to become a civilised society. The death of Ben Hall exposes how justice was served in the times of the colonial era.

Lawless: The Real Bushrangers: Ben Hall

Years 11-12 History

51:28

Before Ned Kelly, it was Ben Hall who was the 'rock star' of Australian bushranging, leading a short but prolific three year crime spree across NSW in the wake of the gold rush. His criminal career comes to a bloody end when he is shot by police in a hail of bullets close to a place known as Billabong Creek on the outskirts of Forbes. But Ben Hall's death is shrouded in controversy. The official police account says that Hall was a dangerous criminal, lawfully killed while trying to escape, while the legend goes that Hall was shot in his sleep and the victim of a brutal police cover up. Now for the first time, the Lawless team undertake an analysis of Hall's bloody demise at the hand of authorities. At a time when our fledgling nation was striving for law and order, this investigation reveals the extraordinary measures enacted by authorities in NSW in an effort to become a civilised society. The death of Ben Hall exposes how justice was served in the times of the colonial era.

Trade has a civilising effect - promoting wealth, cooperation and trust. Nowhere was this truer in the ancient world than in the Indus Valley - between modern-day India and Pakistan - home to the first civilisation in Asia. Archaeologist Uzma Rizvi reveals this was a civilisation built upon the production and exchange of precious stones and copper-based ornaments. As demand for these goods grew, the trade network expanded and civilisation flourished.

First Civilisations: Trade

Years 11-12 Ancient history, History

53:40

Trade has a civilising effect - promoting wealth, cooperation and trust. Nowhere was this truer in the ancient world than in the Indus Valley - between modern-day India and Pakistan - home to the first civilisation in Asia. Archaeologist Uzma Rizvi reveals this was a civilisation built upon the production and exchange of precious stones and copper-based ornaments. As demand for these goods grew, the trade network expanded and civilisation flourished.

This is the story of a world where territories and own frontiers were built by the slave trade. A world where violence, subjugation and profit imposed their routes. The history of slavery did not begin in the cotton fields. It is a much older tragedy that has been going on since the dawn of humanity. From the seventh century on, and for over 1200 years, Africa was the epicentre of a gigantic traffic of human beings traversing the entire globe: Nubian, Fulani, Mandinka, Songhai, Susu, Akan, Yoruba, Igbo, Kongo, Yao and Somali. Over 20 million Africans were deported, sold and enslaved. This criminal system thrived, laying the foundations of empires around the world. Its scale was such that for a long time, it has been impossible to relate it comprehensively. And yet, it raises a fundamental question: How did Africa end up at the heart of the slavery routes?

Slavery Routes: Slavery's New Frontiers

Years 9-10, 11-12 History, Ethical understanding

1:01:43

This is the story of a world where territories and own frontiers were built by the slave trade. A world where violence, subjugation and profit imposed their routes. The history of slavery did not begin in the cotton fields. It is a much older tragedy that has been going on since the dawn of humanity. From the seventh century on, and for over 1200 years, Africa was the epicentre of a gigantic traffic of human beings traversing the entire globe: Nubian, Fulani, Mandinka, Songhai, Susu, Akan, Yoruba, Igbo, Kongo, Yao and Somali. Over 20 million Africans were deported, sold and enslaved. This criminal system thrived, laying the foundations of empires around the world. Its scale was such that for a long time, it has been impossible to relate it comprehensively. And yet, it raises a fundamental question: How did Africa end up at the heart of the slavery routes?

Slavery Routes: Slavery's New Frontiers

Years 9-10, 11-12 History, Ethical understanding

54:41

At the height of war, Roosevelt inspired millions with stirring visions of a new and better post-war world but it was a world he probably knew he would never see. He was commander in chief of the greatest military power the world had known, yet paralysis from polio mad him powerless to accomplish the most minor physical tasks. Set against the epic scale of World War II in 1944 and 1945. Professor David Reynolds presents an intimate biography of US President Franklin Roosevelt, revealing a man who was burdened by secrets about his failing health and strained marriage, that if exposed, could have destroyed his presidency. Enigmatic, secretive and with a complicated love life, America's wheelchair president was racing to shape the future before his past caught up with him.

The Wheelchair President

Years 9-10, 11-12 Modern history, History

46:24

At the height of war, Roosevelt inspired millions with stirring visions of a new and better post-war world but it was a world he probably knew he would never see. He was commander in chief of the greatest military power the world had known, yet paralysis from polio mad him powerless to accomplish the most minor physical tasks. Set against the epic scale of World War II in 1944 and 1945. Professor David Reynolds presents an intimate biography of US President Franklin Roosevelt, revealing a man who was burdened by secrets about his failing health and strained marriage, that if exposed, could have destroyed his presidency. Enigmatic, secretive and with a complicated love life, America's wheelchair president was racing to shape the future before his past caught up with him.

In the darkest days of World War II, St Peter's was shrouded in the shadow of the swastika. But even as the Fuhrer surrounded him, the Pope was plotting a secret counter-offensive. Wartime Pontiff Pius XII has been derided for his public silence about the Holocaust but evidence suggests his silence may have been subterfuge. The man branded as "Hitler's Pope" may actually have wanted to eliminate him and was leading the Vatican in a conspiracy to assassinate Adolf Hitler.

Pope vs Hitler

Years 9-10, 11-12 Modern history, History, Religious studies, Ethical understanding

1:27:43

In the darkest days of World War II, St Peter's was shrouded in the shadow of the swastika. But even as the Fuhrer surrounded him, the Pope was plotting a secret counter-offensive. Wartime Pontiff Pius XII has been derided for his public silence about the Holocaust but evidence suggests his silence may have been subterfuge. The man branded as "Hitler's Pope" may actually have wanted to eliminate him and was leading the Vatican in a conspiracy to assassinate Adolf Hitler.

Mary Magdalene is a familiar presence in modern culture. The story of the former prostitute who loved Jesus is one of the most persistent of all biblical narratives. We've read about it in the Da Vinci Code. We've heard about it in Jesus Christ Superstar. We think we know it well. But, actually, we don't know it at all. Because it's all a fantasy.

Scarlet Woman: Story of Mary Magdalene

Years 9-10, 11-12 Religious studies, History

59:27

Mary Magdalene is a familiar presence in modern culture. The story of the former prostitute who loved Jesus is one of the most persistent of all biblical narratives. We've read about it in the Da Vinci Code. We've heard about it in Jesus Christ Superstar. We think we know it well. But, actually, we don't know it at all. Because it's all a fantasy.

America In Colour

Years 11-12 Modern history, History

48:09

Having lived as mobile foragers for 99 percent of our time on Earth, why did our ancestors stop moving and start settling in villages, towns and cities? The process started in the hills of southern Turkey at a site known as Gobekli Tepe. The impulse to be social brought large numbers of people together for seasonal feasts. The site was so important to them, that they marked it out with huge carved pillars - the world's first monument. But to stay on a permanent basis, they needed a permanent supply of food. Archaeologist Jens Notroff explains that the solution came around 10,000 years ago, when people in this region worked out how to plant, cultivate and harvest wheat. In doing so, they changed the trajectory of human history. Tied to the land, farmers needed to live in one place on a year-round basis, thus the village was born.

First Civilisations

Years 9-10, 11-12 Ancient history, History

53:40

Having lived as mobile foragers for 99 percent of our time on Earth, why did our ancestors stop moving and start settling in villages, towns and cities? The process started in the hills of southern Turkey at a site known as Gobekli Tepe. The impulse to be social brought large numbers of people together for seasonal feasts. The site was so important to them, that they marked it out with huge carved pillars - the world's first monument. But to stay on a permanent basis, they needed a permanent supply of food. Archaeologist Jens Notroff explains that the solution came around 10,000 years ago, when people in this region worked out how to plant, cultivate and harvest wheat. In doing so, they changed the trajectory of human history. Tied to the land, farmers needed to live in one place on a year-round basis, thus the village was born.

On The Spot

On The Spot

What Could Have Been, What It's Worth, Globetrotting

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Geography

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